Page 5 - Spring2023
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attitude indicator                                                                               Spring 2023






      THINK SAFE       ACT SAFE       BE SAFE  CONTROLLED FLIGHT INTO TERRAIN (CFIT)

                                                               obstacles.
             adhere to the policies and guidelines set
             forth by their airline and the Pakistan Civil     Preventing CFIT Accidents:  Preventing CFIT
        Aviation Authority. Pilots should plan their           accidents requires a  multi-faceted  approach that
            fasting schedule in a way that does not            involves a combination of training, technology, and
            compromise their  ability  to  perform  their      procedures. The following are some of the measures
   duties safely, and should notify their airline as soon as   that can be taken to prevent CFIT accidents:
   possible if they are unable to operate a flight due to
   fasting. By doing so, they can ensure the safety of all     Pilot training: Pilots must be trained to recognize and
   passengers and crew on board.                               avoid CFIT hazards. This includes training in
                                                               situational awareness, instrument flying, and the use
   FIT (Controlled Flight into Terrain) is a type of aviation   of terrain avoidance systems.
   accident  in  which  an  aircraft, under  the  control of  a
   pilot, inadvertently flies into terrain, obstacles, or water   Technology: Modern technology such as terrain
   without the crew being aware of the situation until it is   avoidance systems, radar altimeters, and GPS can
   too late to take corrective action. CFIT accidents often
   occur in poor visibility conditions, at night or in adverse   help pilots to avoid CFIT hazards by providing
   weather, and can be caused by a range of factors,           real-time information on terrain and obstacles.
   including   pilot   error,   equipment   failure,   and     Procedures:  Air  traffic  control  procedures  can  be
   communication breakdown.                                    implemented to reduce the risk of CFIT accidents. This
                                                               includes the use of standard routes and altitudes, as
   CFIT accidents are among the most significant causes         well  as  clear  communication  between  air  traffic
   of aviation fatalities worldwide, accounting for a          controllers and pilots.
   significant  proportion  of  all  aviation  accidents.
   According to the National Transportation Safety             Risk    management:        A    comprehensive      risk
   Board (NTSB), CFIT accidents are responsible for            management plan can help to identify and mitigate
   around 25% of all general aviation accidents, and           potential CFIT hazards. This includes regular safety
   around 10% of all commercial aviation accidents.            audits, hazard assessments, and the development of
   Causes of CFIT.                                             standard operating procedures.


   There are many factors that can contribute to CFIT          Conclusion:
   accidents, including:
                                                               CFIT  accidents  are  a  significant  threat  to  aviation
   Pilot error: CFIT accidents are often caused by pilot       safety, and the prevention of such accidents requires a
   error,    such     as     misreading      instruments,      coordinated  effort  from  all  stakeholders  involved  in
   misinterpreting weather conditions, or failing to           aviation  operations.  Pilots,  air  traffic  controllers,
   maintain proper situational awareness.                      manufacturers, and regulators must work together to
                                                               develop  and  implement  effective  strategies  to
   Equipment failure: Equipment failures such as               mitigate the risk of CFIT accidents. By investing in
   instrument malfunctions, sensor failures, or electrical     pilot training, technology, and procedures, we can
   problems can contribute to CFIT accidents.                  significantly reduce the number of CFIT accidents and
                                                               improve aviation safety.
   Communication breakdown: Poor communication
   between crew members or with air traffic control can
   lead to CFIT accidents, as pilots may not be aware of
   terrain or obstacle hazards.
   Weather  conditions:  Poor  visibility,  high  winds,  and
   turbulence can  all contribute  to CFIT  accidents, as
   pilots may be unable to see or avoid
                  terrain or








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